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2.
Rev. méd. Chile ; 146(5): 665-669, mayo 2018. graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-961444

ABSTRACT

Upgaze or sustained elevation of the eyes, is an alteration of ocular motility initially described in hypoxic coma. We report a 65-year-old woman admitted with hypotension and alteration of sensorium due to the ingestion of 9.5 g of Bupropion. She presented two seizures of short duration, without epileptic activity on the EEG. She had a persistent asynchronous myoclonus in extremities, tachycardia and prolonged Q-t. She suffered a cardiac arrest caused by asystole, which recovered quickly in five minutes. At that moment, upgaze appeared, associated with a persistent ocular opening, which persisted for days, but finally disappeared, without remission of coma. A magnetic resonance imaging done at the eighth day, showed hyperintensity of the oval center and corpus callosum which disappeared in a new imaging study done 30 days later, where images of hypoxia in the basal nuclei and cortex appeared. The patient died forty seven days after admission. Up-gaze is an ominous oculomotor alteration linked to an important but incomplete damage in the cerebral cortex, a condition that perverts some sequences of the ocular opening, reversing the Bell phenomenon and producing eyelid retraction.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Aged , Ocular Motility Disorders/chemically induced , Hypoxia, Brain/chemically induced , Bupropion/adverse effects , Coma/chemically induced , Antidepressive Agents, Second-Generation/adverse effects , Drug Overdose/complications , Personality Disorders/drug therapy , Suicide , Magnetic Resonance Imaging , Fatal Outcome
3.
Rev. medica electron ; 40(2): 420-432, mar.-abr. 2018. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS, CUMED | ID: biblio-902309

ABSTRACT

RESUMEN Las reacciones adversas a los medicamentos, son una reacción nociva o no intencionada. Ocurre con las dosis habituales empleadas en el ser humano para la profilaxis, diagnóstico o tratamiento de enfermedades y también para modificar las funciones fisiológicas. Con esta revisión se pretendió proporcionar una actualización de las reacciones de los fármacos antidepresivos. Se tuvo en cuenta cuestiones importantes, tales como: la selección, forma de uso, duración de la terapia y consideraciones relacionadas con situaciones patológicas particulares (AU).


ABSTRACT Adverse reactions to drugs are a noxious and non-intended reaction. It occurs with the doses usually used for prophylaxis, diagnosis and disease treatment in the human being, and also for modifying the physiologic functions. The aim of this review was giving an update of the reactions to anti-depressant drugs. Important questions were taken into account like drug choose, form of use, therapy lasting and considerations related to particular pathologic situations (AU).


Subject(s)
Humans , Depression/epidemiology , Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions/epidemiology , Antidepressive Agents/adverse effects , Antidepressive Agents/therapeutic use , Bibliography of Medicine , Antidepressive Agents, Second-Generation/adverse effects , Antidepressive Agents, Tricyclic/therapeutic use , Antidepressive Agents, Tricyclic/pharmacology
4.
Arch. argent. pediatr ; 115(6): 424-427, dic. 2017.
Article in English, Spanish | LILACS, BINACIS | ID: biblio-887406

ABSTRACT

El síndrome de abstinencia neonatal (SAN) debido a la exposición prenatal al citalopram se desarrolla durante los primeros días de vida, incluso con una exposición al fármaco en dosis bajas. El tratamiento de apoyo es la primera opción, aunque puede usarse el fenobarbital en el tratamiento de este síndrome. No debe interrumpirse la lactancia. Debe hacerse un seguimiento de estos recién nacidos para establecer el desenlace del SAN y las consecuencias en el desarrollo neurológico. En este artículo presentamos el caso de un recién nacido con SAN debido a exposición al citalopram en una dosis más baja que lo informado previamente en la bibliografía durante los últimos seis meses del embarazo. Se utilizó el fenobarbital debido al fracaso del tratamiento no farmacológico.


Neonatal abstinence syndrome (NAS) due to prenatally exposure to citalopram can develop during the first days of life even with low dose of drug exposure. Supportive management is the first choice but phenobarbital can be used in treatment of this syndrome. Breastfeeding should not be interrupted. These neonates should be followed both for NAS and neurodevelopmental outcome. In this article, we reported a newborn with NAS due to citalopram exposure with a lower dose than previously reported in the literature, during the last six months of pregnancy. Phenobarbital was used because of non-pharmacological treatment failure.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Pregnancy , Infant, Newborn , Neonatal Abstinence Syndrome/etiology , Citalopram/adverse effects , Antidepressive Agents, Second-Generation/adverse effects , Phenobarbital/therapeutic use , Pregnancy Complications/psychology , Pregnancy Complications/drug therapy , Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects , Neonatal Abstinence Syndrome/drug therapy , Depressive Disorder, Major/drug therapy , Anticonvulsants/therapeutic use
6.
Rev. saúde pública ; 49: 1-4, 27/02/2015.
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-742294

ABSTRACT

This review aimed to discuss the importance of the comprehensive treatment of depression among older adults in Brazil. The abuse of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors, including fluoxetine hydrochloride, as antidepressants has been considered a serious public health problem, particularly among older adults. Despite the consensus on the need for a comprehensive treatment of depression in this population, Brazil is still unprepared. The interface between pharmacotherapy and psychotherapy is limited due to the lack of healthcare services, specialized professionals, and effective healthcare planning. Fluoxetine has been used among older adults as an all-purpose drug for the treatment of depressive disorders because of psychosocial adversities, lack of social support, and limited access to adequate healthcare services for the treatment of this disorder. Preparing health professionals is a sine qua non for the reversal of the age pyramid, but this is not happening yet.


Esse comentário tem como objetivo discutir a importância da multidisciplinariedade do tratamento da depressão do idoso no Brasil. O abuso de prescrições de antidepressivos inibidores seletivos da receptação de serotonina, como o cloridrato de fluoxetina, já tem sido apontado como grave problema de saúde pública, especialmente entre idosos. Embora seja consenso a necessidade de multidisciplinariedade no tratamento da depressão nessa população, o Brasil ainda encontra-se despreparado. A interface entre farmacoterapia e psicoterapia encontra-se prejudicada por falta de serviços, de profissionais especializados e de planejamento assistencial efetivo. A fluoxetina tornou-se uma “muleta” para a cura de males causados pelas adversidades psicossociais, falta de suporte social e de acesso a serviços de saúde adequados para o tratamento desse transtorno em idosos. É condição sine qua non haver preparo para a inversão das pirâmides etárias, o que parece não acontecer atualmente.


Subject(s)
Aged , Humans , Antidepressive Agents, Second-Generation/adverse effects , Depressive Disorder/psychology , Depressive Disorder/therapy , Fluoxetine/adverse effects , Brazil , Combined Modality Therapy , Comprehensive Health Care , Cost of Illness , Fluoxetine/economics , Psychotherapy
7.
J. bras. pneumol ; 40(3): 313-318, May-Jun/2014. graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-714682

ABSTRACT

Venlafaxine is a serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor used as an antidepressant. Interindividual variability and herb-drug interactions can lead to drug-induced toxicity. We report the case of a 35-year-old female patient diagnosed with synchronous pneumonitis and acute cardiomyopathy attributed to venlafaxine. The patient sought medical attention due to dyspnea and dry cough that started three months after initiating treatment with venlafaxine for depression. The patient was concomitantly taking Centella asiatica and Fucus vesiculosus as phytotherapeutic agents. Chest CT angiography and chest X-ray revealed parenchymal lung disease (diffuse micronodules and focal ground-glass opacities) and simultaneous dilated cardiomyopathy. Ecocardiography revealed a left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) of 21%. A thorough investigation was carried out, including BAL, imaging studies, autoimmune testing, right heart catheterization, and myocardial biopsy. After excluding other etiologies and applying the Naranjo Adverse Drug Reaction Probability Scale, a diagnosis of synchronous pneumonitis/cardiomyopathy associated with venlafaxine was assumed. The herbal supplements taken by the patient have a known potential to inhibit cytochrome P450 enzyme complex, which is responsible for the metabolization of venlafaxine. After venlafaxine discontinuation, there was rapid improvement, with regression of the radiological abnormalities and normalization of the LVEF. This was an important case of drug-induced cardiopulmonary toxicity. The circumstantial intake of inhibitors of the CYP2D6 isoenzyme and the presence of a CYP2D6 slow metabolism phenotype might have resulted in the toxic accumulation of venlafaxine and the subsequent clinical manifestations. Here, we also discuss why macrophage-dominant phospholipidosis was the most likely mechanism of toxicity in this case.


A venlafaxina é um inibidor de recaptação de serotonina e noradrenalina utilizado como antidepressivo. A variabilidade individual ou interações entre fitoterápicos e fármacos podem causar toxicidade induzida por drogas. Relatamos o caso de uma paciente de 35 anos diagnosticada com pneumonite intersticial e miocardiopatia dilatada atribuídas à venlafaxina. A paciente procurou atendimento médico devido a dispneia e tosse seca, que começaram três meses após iniciar tratamento com venlafaxina para depressão. Concomitantemente tomava suplementos fitoterápicos contendo Centella asiatica e Fucus vesiculosus. A radiografia e a CT de tórax revelaram doença pulmonar parenquimatosa (micronódulos difusos e opacidades em vidro fosco) e, simultaneamente, foi diagnosticada uma miocardiopatia por ecocardiograma, que revelou uma fração de ejeção ventricular esquerda (FEVE) de 21%. Uma investigação ampla foi realizada, incluindo LBA, estudos de imagem, detecção de doenças autoimunes, cateterismo cardíaco direito e biópsia miocárdica. Após a exclusão de outras etiologias e a aplicação da Escala de Probabilidade de Reações Adversas a Medicamentos de Naranjo, foi assumido o diagnóstico de pneumonite/miocardiopatia síncronas associadas à venlafaxina. Já foi demonstrado que os suplementos fitoterápicos utilizados pela paciente podem inibir a isoenzima do complexo enzimático citocromo P450, responsável pelo metabolismo da venlafaxina. Após a descontinuação da venlafaxina, verificou-se uma rápida melhora clínica com regressão das alterações radiológicas e normalização da FEVE. Este é um importante caso de toxicidade cardiopulmonar induzida por droga. A administração circunstancial de inibidores da isoenzima CYP2D6 e a presença de um fenótipo de metabolização lenta de CYP2D6 podem ter resultado na acumulação tóxica da venlafaxina e na manifestação clínica subsequente. Aqui, é discutida a hipótese de a fosfolipidose macrofágica ser o mecanismo de toxicidade.


Subject(s)
Adult , Female , Humans , Antidepressive Agents, Second-Generation/adverse effects , Cardiomyopathies/chemically induced , Cyclohexanols/adverse effects , Lung Diseases, Interstitial/chemically induced , Cardiomyopathies/diagnosis , Depressive Disorder/drug therapy , Lung Diseases, Interstitial/diagnosis
8.
Psicofarmacologia (B. Aires) ; 13(82): 21-27, oct. 2013. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-726100

ABSTRACT

Introducción: A pesar de que la obesidad es un evento adverso frecuente en el tratamiento con antipsicóticos atípico, no ha sido suficientemente elucidado el grado de su contribución independiente al riesgo de enfermedad coronaria en estos pacientes. Objetivo: Determinar si la obesidad inducida por antipsicóticos de segunda generación o atípicos es un factor de riesgo independiente para el aumento de incidencia de enfermedad arterial coronaria y eventos cardíacos. Método: Se utilizó un modelo similar al usado en el estudio de Framingham basado en estimar los siguientes parámetros: edad, género, presión arterial, consumo de cigarrillo y niveles de lipoproteínas de colesterol de alta densidad, con el objetivo de determinar el riesgo prospectivo de padecer enfermedad arterial coronaria en aquellos pacientes tratados con antipsicóticos atípicos que cursaban un cuadro de obesidad (N=33; edad media 38.1, 54 % hombres) comparados con aquellos con peso normal (N=33; edad media 39.9 años, 47.0 % hombres). Se excluyeron aquellos pacientes con síndrome metabólico, medicados con drogas antihipertensivas, hipoglucemiantes o estatinas. Resultados: El riesgo de enfermedad arterial coronaria fue mayor para la muestra de pacientes obesos comparado con la muestra de pacientes con peso normal (5.3±2.7 vs. 2.1±0.62, RR=2.17 IC 95%=1.94-2.39; p=0.017), incluyendo un aumento de 12 unidades de IMC (p<0.0001) y 16 cm de circunferencia de cintura mayor (p<0.0001) en la población con obesidad inducida por antipsicóticos atípicos. El riesgo fue mayor para hombres (5.9±2.9 vs. 2.8±0.4, RR=2.98, IC 95%=1.97-3.16; p=0.0034) comparados con las mujeres (3.1±1.2 vs. 1.2±0.5; RR=1.78, IC 95 %=1.58-1.94; p=0.011). Limitaciones: la validez predictiva para el riesgo de enfermedad coronaria en pacientes psiquiátricos basada en el sistema de clasificación de Framingham requiere una confirmación prospectiva...


Obesity is an adverse effect frequently observed during second generation antipsychotics treatment. In spite of that, its independent contribution to coronary artery disease in patients treated with this class of drugs remains unsolved. Objective: assess whether antipsychotics induced obesity is an independent risk factor contributing to an increase in cardiac events and coronary artery disease. Methods: a similar model to that used in Framingham Study was used based on an estimate of following parameters: age, gender, blood pressure, cigarette use, high density cholesterol lipoproteins levels with the goal of estimate prospective risk of suffering coronary artery disease between those patients treated with second generation antipsychotics which also had obesity (N=33; average age 38.1 years, 54% men) compared with those on normal weight (N=33; average age 39.9 years, 47.0% men). Excluded were those patients with metablic Syndrome treated with antihypertensive drugs, hypoglycemic drugs and statins. Results: risk of coronary artery diseases was higher for obese patients compared with normal wight ones (5.3 ±2.7 vs. 2.1±0.62, RR=2.17 IC 95%=1.94 - 2.39; p=0.017), including an increase of 12 units in BMI (p<0.0001) and 16 cm in abdominal waist (p<0.0001) in antipsychotic drugs induced obesity sample...


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Antidepressive Agents, Second-Generation/adverse effects , Antidepressive Agents, Second-Generation/therapeutic use , Coronary Disease/pathology , Obesity , Risk Factors , Metabolic Syndrome/pathology
9.
Diagn. tratamento ; 18(2)jun. 2013. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, SES-SP, SESSP-HMLMBACERVO | ID: lil-677909

ABSTRACT

O objetivo desta revisão narrativa é avaliar as evidências científicas do emprego de combinação de antidepressivos no tratamento da depressão maior. Foram avaliadas duas modalidades de combinação: a introdução da combinação desde o início do tratamento e a associação de um segundo antidepressivo em pacientes que não apresentaram resposta satisfatória com o primeiro antidepressivo. Foram pesquisadas as principais bases de dados até outubro de 2012, sem restrição de língua (PubMed, Cochrane Library, Embase, PsycINFO, Lilacs, registros de ensaios clínicos e bancos de teses) e referências secundárias. Foram utilizadas revisões sistemáticas recentes, ensaios clínicos não contemplados pelas revisões e artigos de revisão sobre o tema. Ambas as formas de combinação de antidepressivos foram muito pouco estudadas. De maneira geral, os ensaios incluíram número muito pequeno de sujeitos e apresentaram problemas metodológicos significativos. Os resultados são controversos. As evidências existentes não permitem conclusões sólidas acerca da eficácia e tolerabilidade do emprego de associações de antidepressivos.


Subject(s)
Antidepressive Agents, Tricyclic/adverse effects , Antidepressive Agents, Tricyclic/supply & distribution , Antidepressive Agents, Tricyclic , Antidepressive Agents, Second-Generation , Antidepressive Agents/adverse effects , Antidepressive Agents , Drug Combinations , Depressive Disorder, Major/prevention & control , Depressive Disorder, Major/therapy , Antidepressive Agents, Second-Generation/adverse effects , Antidepressive Agents, Second-Generation/supply & distribution , Antidepressive Agents/supply & distribution
13.
J. bras. pneumol ; 33(6): 747-751, nov.-dez. 2007. ilus
Article in English, Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-471300

ABSTRACT

A síndrome da eosinofilia-mialgia foi descrita em 1989 em pacientes que apresentavam mialgia progressiva e incapacitante e eosinofilia sérica, nos líquidos e secreções. A maioria dos pacientes relatava uso prévio de L-triptofano. Sintomas respiratórios são relatados em até 80 por cento dos casos, eventualmente como manifestação única. O tratamento inclui suspensão da droga e corticoterapia. Relatamos o caso de uma mulher de 61 anos com insuficiência respiratória aguda após uso de L-triptofano, hidroxitriptofano e outras drogas. A paciente apresentava eosinofilia no sangue, lavado broncoalveolar e derrame pleural. Após a suspensão da medicação e corticoterapia, houve melhora clínica e radiológica em poucos dias.


Eosinophilia-myalgia syndrome was described in 1989 in patients who presented progressive and incapacitating myalgia and eosinophilia in blood, fluids and secretions. Most patients report previous L-tryptophan intake. Respiratory manifestations are found in up to 80 percent of the cases, occasionally as the only manifestation. Treatment includes drug discontinuation and administration of corticosteroids. Here, we describe the case of a 61-year-old female admitted with acute respiratory failure after using L-tryptophan, hydroxytryptophan and other drugs. The patient presented eosinophilia, together with elevated eosinophil counts in the bronchoalveolar lavage and pleural effusion. After discontinuation of the drugs previously used, corticosteroids were administered, resulting in clinical and radiological improvement within just a few days.


Subject(s)
Female , Humans , Middle Aged , Antidepressive Agents, Second-Generation/adverse effects , Eosinophilia-Myalgia Syndrome/chemically induced , Respiratory Insufficiency/chemically induced , Tryptophan/adverse effects , Acute Disease , Eosinophilia-Myalgia Syndrome/drug therapy , Glucocorticoids/administration & dosage , Prednisolone/administration & dosage , Respiratory Insufficiency/drug therapy , Respiratory Insufficiency
15.
Arq. neuropsiquiatr ; 65(3b): 858-864, set. 2007. ilus, graf, tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-465197

ABSTRACT

Osmotic demyelination syndrome (ODS) may be precipitated by aggressive correction of a hypo or hyper-osmolar states. We describe the case of a 53-year-old woman that was started on fluoxetine 20 mg/day for depression and nine days later was found to have fluoxetine-induced syndrome of inappropriate secretion of antidiuretic hormone. After hyponatremia correction the mental status of the patient gradually improved, but subsequently she had intermittent difficulty in speaking, naming objects, memory deficits and psychomotor slowness. Magnetic resonance revealed bilateral symmetric hyperintense lesions in the basal ganglia, temporal lobe and hippocampal formation compatible with ODS. These symptoms gradually resolved and she was discharged home without any deficits. Two months later, a new image showed lesion in pons and the other lesions had disappeared. Fluoxetine therapy had never been related with a complication like that.


A síndrome de desmielinização osmótica (SDO) pode ser precipitada pela correção agressiva de um estado hiper ou hipoosmolar. Nós descrevemos o caso de mulher de 53 anos que havia iniciado o uso de fluoxetina 20 mg/dia para depressão e que nove dias depois foi diagnosticada como tendo síndrome da secreção inapropriada de hormônio antidiurético induzida por fluoxetina. Depois da correção da hiponatremia o estado mental da paciente gradualmente melhorou, mas subsequentemente ela apresentou dificuldade intermitente para fala e para nomear objetos, déficits de memória recente e lentidão psicomotora. Ressonância magnética revelou lesões hiperintensas bilaterais e simétricas na região dos gânglios da base, lobo temporal e hipocampo compatíveis com SDO. Estes sintomas gradualmente se resolveram e a paciente foi de alta sem qualquer déficit. Dois meses mais tarde uma nova imagem cerebral mostrou lesão na ponte e ausência das lesões antigas. Até onde sabemos a terapia com fluoxetina nunca foi relacionada a uma complicação tardia como esta.


Subject(s)
Female , Humans , Middle Aged , Antidepressive Agents, Second-Generation/adverse effects , Fluoxetine/adverse effects , Hyponatremia/complications , Inappropriate ADH Syndrome/chemically induced , Myelinolysis, Central Pontine/etiology , Basal Ganglia/pathology , Depression/drug therapy , Inappropriate ADH Syndrome/complications , Inappropriate ADH Syndrome/pathology , Magnetic Resonance Imaging
16.
J Indian Med Assoc ; 2007 Jul; 105(7): 364, 366, 368 passim
Article in English | IMSEAR | ID: sea-97760

ABSTRACT

To evaluate the tolerability and response to escitalopram in Indian patients with major depression, over an 8-week open-label multicentric study was carried out among 18-65 years old Indian patients suffering from DSM IV major depressive disorder with Montgomery-Asberg depression rating scale (MADRS) total score> or =22. Patients received a fixed dose of escitalopram 10 mg daily for 2 weeks, followed by flexible dose of 10 to 20 mg daily for 6 weeks. Patients were evaluated for depression and rated on MADRS score and clinical global impressions-severity (CGI-S) and--improvement (CGI-I) scores. They were monitored for treatment-emergent adverse effects. A total of 119 patients were enrolled and 103 completed the trial. There was a decrease from baseline in the MADRS total score after one week of treatment continuing until 8 weeks. By week 8, 76.9% patients had responded to treatment (> or =50% or more reduction of MADRS total score). A similar pattern of improvement to that seen with the MADRS total score was seen with CGI-S and CGI-I scores. Escitalopram was well tolerated, with only 2 patients (1.7%) withdrawing from the study due to adverse events. There were no serious adverse events.


Subject(s)
Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Antidepressive Agents, Second-Generation/adverse effects , Citalopram/adverse effects , Depressive Disorder, Major/drug therapy , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Psychological Tests , Psychometrics
17.
Arq. bras. cardiol ; 88(4): 434-440, abr. 2007. graf, tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-451834

ABSTRACT

OBJETIVOS: Avaliar a efetividade e a tolerabilidade da bupropiona no tratamento de fumantes com doenças cardiovasculares atendidos em rotina de tratamento ambulatorial do tabagismo, e analisar as variáveis preditoras de sucesso ou fracasso. MÉTODOS: A bupropiona foi prescrita de forma exclusiva para tratamento do tabagismo em 100 pacientes cardiopatas durante 12 semanas. O seguimento foi de 52 semanas. As variáveis estudadas foram sexo, idade, número de cigarros, concentração de monóxido de carbono, escala de dependência de nicotina, escala de depressão, escala de ansiedade, consumo de álcool, número de diagnósticos adicionais ao tabagismo, eventos adversos, e consumo de medicamentos concomitantes à bupropiona. RESULTADOS: A taxa de sucesso depois de 12 semanas foi de 50 por cento e depois de 52 semanas, de 25 por cento. A análise de regressão logística revelou que o envelhecimento foi positivamente associado ao sucesso e que o agravo da condição clínica, observado pelo maior número de diagnósticos associados ao tabagismo, foi negativamente associado ao sucesso. CONCLUSÃO: A bupropiona mostrou-se segura e com boa efetividade no tratamento de fumantes portadores de doenças cardiovasculares, especialmente durante a fase de uso (semana 12).


OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the effectiveness of and tolerability to sustained-release bupropion, in smokers with cardiovascular diseases treated in a smoking cessation service, as well as to investigate variables predictive of success or failure in smoking cessation. METHODS: Sustained-release bupropion was prescribed to 100 current smokers with cardiovascular disease for 12 weeks. Patients were followed for 52 week. The variables studied were gender, age, number of cigarettes, exhaled carbon monoxide, nicotine dependence (Fagerstrom Tolerance Questionnaire), depression (Beck Depression Inventory), anxiety (State-Trait Anxiety Inventory), alcohol consumption (Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test), number of diagnoses other than smoking, adverse events, and use of medications concomitantly with sustained-release bupropion. RESULTS: Abstinence rate was 50 percent at week 12 and 25 percent at week 52. The logistic regression analysis showed that ageing was positively associated with success, whereas the worsening of the condition, as verified by the presence of a higher number of other health conditions associated with smoking, was negatively associated with success. CONCLUSION: We conclude that the prescription of bupropion for smokers with cardiovascular diseases proved to be safe and effective, especially during the treatment period (week 12).


Subject(s)
Adult , Aged , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Antidepressive Agents, Second-Generation/therapeutic use , Bupropion/therapeutic use , Cardiovascular Diseases/complications , Smoking/drug therapy , Antidepressive Agents, Second-Generation/adverse effects , Bupropion/adverse effects , Delayed-Action Preparations/adverse effects , Delayed-Action Preparations/therapeutic use , Follow-Up Studies , Smoking Cessation/methods , Smoking/adverse effects , Treatment Outcome
18.
Arq. bras. endocrinol. metab ; 50(6): 1020-1025, dez. 2006. tab
Article in English, Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-439720

ABSTRACT

The aim of this study is to assess the effects of sibutramine (S) 15 mg/day, fluoxetine (F) 60 mg/day, and metformin (M) 1,700 mg/day, as an adjunct therapy to a 1,500 kcal/day diet, in reducing anthropometric and metabolic parameters. S (n= 8), F (n= 9), and M (n= 8) were compared to placebo (n= 10) in 35 obese patients in a 90-day trial. Side effects were also studied during the treatment. The data demonstrated that F therapy resulted in a greater average reduction in BMI (11.0 percent), weight (10.0 percent), abdominal circumference (11.0 percent) and percentfatty-tissue (12.8). An elevation in HDL-cholesterol (25.8 percent) and a reduction in average triglyceride levels (28.3 percent) were also shown. S presented a 7.91 percent reduction in the abdominal circumference and a 9.65 reduction in percentfatty-tissue was also found. M group presented reductions in BMI (4.03 percent), waist circumference (6.92 percent), HOMA (23.5 percent) and blood pressure (6.08 percent in systolic and 2.08 percent in diastolic). In general, the three drugs can be considered well tolerated. We concluded that F and S demonstrated a greater mean reduction in anthropometric and metabolic parameters when compared to M, however all of them are useful for that purpose, when the subjectsÆ characteristics are considered.


O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar o efeito da sibutramina (S) 15 mg/dia, fluoxetina (F) 60 mg/dia, e metformina (M) 1.700 mg/dia, associadas a uma dieta de 1.500 kcal/dia, na redução de parâmetros antropométricos e metabólicos. S (n= 8), F (n= 9) e M (n= 8) foram comparadas ao placebo (n= 10) em 35 pacientes obesos durante 90 dias de tratamento. As reações adversas também foram avaliadas durante o tratamento. O grupo F demonstrou uma redução no IMC (11,0 por cento), peso (10,0 por cento), circunferência abdominal (11,0 por cento) e por cento de tecido adiposo (12,8). Também foram observados um aumento nos níveis de HDL-colesterol (25,8 por cento) e uma redução nos níveis de triglicérides (28,3 por cento), no grupo F. O grupo S apresentou uma redução de 7,91 por cento na circunferência abdominal e de 9,65 na por cento de tecido adiposo. Já o grupo M apresentou reduções no IMC (4,03 por cento), circunferência abdominal (6,92 por cento), HOMA (23,5 por cento) e pressão arterial (6,08 por cento na sistólica, 2,08 por cento na diastólica). Os três fármacos analisados foram bem tolerados durante o tratamento. Concluímos que a F e a S demonstraram maior eficácia na redução dos parâmetros antropométricos e metabólicos dos pacientes obesos quando comparadas à M, entretanto todas podem ser prescritas para essa finalidade, desde que sejam consideradas as características individuais dos pacientes.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Adolescent , Adult , Middle Aged , Antidepressive Agents, Second-Generation/administration & dosage , Appetite Depressants/administration & dosage , Cholesterol/blood , Hypoglycemic Agents/administration & dosage , Obesity/drug therapy , Analysis of Variance , Antidepressive Agents, Second-Generation/adverse effects , Appetite Depressants/adverse effects , Combined Modality Therapy , Cholesterol/adverse effects , Cyclobutanes/administration & dosage , Cyclobutanes/adverse effects , Fluoxetine/administration & dosage , Fluoxetine/adverse effects , Hypoglycemic Agents/adverse effects , Multicenter Studies as Topic , Metformin/administration & dosage , Metformin/adverse effects , Obesity/diet therapy , Obesity/metabolism , Placebos , Single-Blind Method
20.
Arq. neuropsiquiatr ; 64(1): 142-145, mar. 2006. ilus, tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-425291

ABSTRACT

A hiponatremia é complicação significativa do tratamento com inibidores seletivos da recaptação da serotonina (ISRS). Descrevemos o caso de uma paciente de 53 anos de idade que iniciou uso de fluoxetina 20 mg/dia para depressão. Nove dias depois, a paciente apresentou fraqueza, náusea, progredindo para confusão, inapetência e vômitos. Três horas depois ela tornou-se irresponsiva e teve uma crise convulsiva generalizada. Foi então trazida ao nosso serviço de emergência. Na admissão, a paciente estava normovolêmica, sem déficits motores focais, mas apresentava leve rigidez muscular generalizada e sinal de Babinski bilateralmente. O sódio sérico era 105 mmol/L, osmolaridade sérica, 220 mmol/L, e osmolaridade urinária, 400 mmol/L. Os outros exames laboratoriais, Raio-X do pulmão, líquido cefalorraqueano e tomografia do crânio eram normais. Ela foi diagnosticada como tendo SSIHAD induzida por fluoxetina sendo esta descontinuada. Nós iniciamos a correção da hiponatremia e, em 5 dias, o estado mental da paciente gradualmente retornou ao normal, paralelamente a resolução da hiponatremia. SSIHAD e hiponatremia devem ser consideradas em um paciente que apresenta deterioração de sua condição clinica quando estiver em uso de ISRS. O uso de antidepressivos ISRS deve ser lembrado no diagnóstico diferencial de hiponatremia induzida por drogas.


Subject(s)
Female , Humans , Middle Aged , Antidepressive Agents, Second-Generation/adverse effects , Fluoxetine/adverse effects , Inappropriate ADH Syndrome/chemically induced , Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors/adverse effects , Basal Ganglia/pathology , Depression/drug therapy , Inappropriate ADH Syndrome/pathology , Magnetic Resonance Imaging
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